The engine has three kinds of filters: air, oil, and fuel. The air-conditioning filter in the car is generally called "four filters". They are respectively responsible for the filtration of media in the engine air intake system, lubrication system, fuel system, and air conditioning system.

The oil filter is located in the engine lubrication system. Its function is to filter out harmful impurities in the oil from the oil pan, and supply the crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, supercharger, piston ring and other motion pairs with clean oil to play the role of lubrication, cooling and cleaning, thereby Extend the life of these parts. Although the oil filter is isolated from the outside, impurities in the surrounding environment are difficult to enter the engine, but there are still impurities in the oil.

Impurities are divided into two categories

1) The first category is the metal particles worn down by engine parts during operation and the dust and sand that enters from the fuel filler when the engine oil is refilled.

2) The other is organic matter, which is in the form of black sludge, which is a substance produced by chemical changes in the engine oil at high temperatures during engine operation. They deteriorate the performance of the oil, weaken the lubrication, and stick to moving parts, increasing resistance. The former type of metal particles will accelerate the wear of crankshafts, camshafts and other shafts and bearings in the engine, as well as the lower part of the cylinder and piston rings. The consequences are: increased component clearance, increased oil demand, decreased oil pressure, and cylinder liners The gap with the piston ring is large, and the oil escaping to the top of the piston ring will cause the oil to burn, increase the oil volume and form carbon deposits. At the same time, the fuel drains to the oil pan, which makes the engine oil thinner and loses its effectiveness. These are extremely detrimental to the performance of the machine, causing the engine to emit black smoke and severely drop its power, forcing an overhaul in advance. (The oil filter is equivalent to the human kidney function).

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